Bibliography

The following sources are utilized in this website:

[AArgus] = Alpena Argus newspaper.
[AATHA] = Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association newsletter "The Double A"
[AB] = Information provided at Michigan History Conference from Andrew Bailey, Port Huron, MI
[AGG] = "Aids, Gifts, Grants and Donations to Railroads,..", Michigan Railroad Commission, 1919
[AL] = Alan Loftis, Farmington, Michigan.
[AML] = The American Lumberman. Chicago, IL Published weekly
[AR] = Alma Record, Alma, Michigan.
[ARJ-mm/dd/yyyy] = American Railroad Journal.
[AS] = Al Smith, historian.
[BBG] = Bloomberg.com
[BCE] = Battle Creek Enquirer, Battle Creek Michigan.
[BH] = Ben Higdon, Kalamazoo.
[BHN] = Bessemer Herald newspaper, Bessemer, Michigan
[BJ] = Bay-Journal.com, Bay County, Michigan. Website.
[BOM] = Buildings of Michigan by Kathryn Bishop Eckert. Published in 1993 by Oxford University Press.
[CB] = research by historian Carl Bajema, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
[CCE] = Copper Country Explorer website.
[CCH] = Charlevoix County Herald, East Jordan, Michigan.
[CCEN] = The Copper Country Evening News, Calumet, Michigan.
[CCIH] = Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, An Historical Review...", 1920
[CD] = The Cheboygan Democrat newspaper, Cheboygan, Michigan.
[CERA] = Central Electric Railfan's Association Bulletin 103, unless a different bulletin is noted.
[CMS-yyyy] = Annual Report of the Commissioner of Mineral Statistics of the State of Michigan.
[CN] = Calumet News, Calumet, Michigan
[CNWE] = Chicago & North Western evaluation maps, circa. 1917.
[COHS-mm/yy] = Chesapeake & Ohio Historical Magazine + issue date.
[CRAR] = Copper Range Railroad annual reports. State of Michigan Library.
[CRH] = The Copper Range Railroad by Clarence J. Monett, 1989
[CRORG] = www.copperrange.org
[CRP1] = "The 14th Line Dummy and Milwaukee Junction", by Charles R. Petcher. Michigan Railfan, February, 1981.
[CRWS] = Copper Range Web Site
[CW] = Charles Whipp, Lapeer, Michigan
[DB] = Dale Berry, editor.
[DBOC-mmddyy} = Detroit Board of Commerce publication.
[DFP] = Detroit Free Press, Detroit, MI
[DK] = David Kindem, Grand Haven, Michigan
[DN] = Detroit News, Detroit, MI
[DPG] = Dearborn Press and Guide - 9/23/1999
[DPH] = Detroit, A Postcard History. Reference.
[D18] = Detroit 1860-1899 Images of America. Reference.
[DLC] = Dave LeCount.
[DL&N-yyyy] = Detroit, Lansing & Northern Ry. Annual Report to Stockholders.
[DMAR-yyyy] = Detroit & Mackinac Ry. Annual Reports, State of Michigan Library files.
[DMH] = Dan Meinhard, Port Huron, MI.
[DT] = The Daily Telegram (Adrian) Newspaper
[DTSL-yyyy] = Detroit & Toledo Shore Line Annual Report.
[EDP-mm/dd/yyyy] = Escanaba Daily Press
[EFI] = The Detroit & Toledo Shore Line Railroad Expressway for Industry, by Charles Geletzke Jr. and Wilbur Hague, Kultztown Publishing, © 1912
[ELI] = "Edison, His Life and Inventions", by F. L. Dyer and T. C. Martin.
[ELSW] = Escanaba & Lake Superior web site history.
[EMRn] = When Eastern Michigan Rode the Rails. n=Book number. Jack E. Schramm - William H. Henning - Richard R. Andrews. © 1994 Transportation Trails.
[F&PM-yyyy] = Flint & Pere Marquette Annual Report to Stockholders
[FFTF-IR] = Frames For The Future Iron River Area. Marcia Bernhardt, Editor, Iron County Historical and Museum Society, Iron River, Michigan. © 1980
[FLS] = Fires in Lake Superior Iron Mines, by Edwin Higgins. Higgins, Edwin.
[FP] = Frank Prassic, Albion area historian.
[FPMTT] = Flint & Pere Marquette employee timetable.
[JH] = Jim Harlow, former Penn Central/Conrail employee
[GB] = Greg Bunce, E&LS Employee
[GDJ] = George "Sandy" Duffy, Jr., President PH&S Historical Society.
[GG] = Glenn Gould.
[GLC] = Information provided by the Great Lakes Central Railroad.
[GLF] = Gary L. Franks, PE. Perrysburg, Ohio bridge historian.
[GM] = Graydon M. Meints, historian.
[GRDE] = Grand Rapids Daily Eagle newspaper, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
[GREP] = Grand Rapids Evening Press.
[GSM] = Geological Survey of Michigan, Alfred C.Lane, State Geologist. 1900-1903. Robert Smith Printing. Available on line.
[GTM] = "Ghost Towns of Michigan", Wakefield, Larry. Thunder Bay Press.
[GTWHS-mm/yy] = "The Semaphore", Grand Trunk Western Historical Society.
[GW] = Wakeman, George L., "My Story of the Detroit & Mackinac Railroad". Library of Michigan, Lansing, 1940.
[HAM] = Historic Arcadia, Michigan website
[HB-mm/yyyy] - Hotbox, publication of the North Central Region, National Model Railroad Association
[HCKS] = A History of the Chicago, Kalamazoo & Saginaw Railroad, by Florence Sergeant Lang, © 1970. Barry County Historical Society.
[HGJ] = A Historical Geography of Jackson, Michigan: A Study on the Changing Character of An American City 1829-1969, Richard A. Santer. 1972.
[HH/MIHX8] = Hugh Hornstein, 8th Michigan Railroad History Conference, St. Ignace, MI.
[HMRB] = History of the Maumee River Basin by Charles Slocum. Published in 1905.
[HI] = High Iron Along the Huron Shore.
[HIM] = It Happended in Michigan, by Colleen Burcar c2019, , The Rowand and Littlefield Publishing Group, Lanham, Maryland.
[HP] = The Herald Press, Saint Joseph, MIchigan.
[HSE] = Huron Shore Express. D&M Railway Historical Society.
[HWC] = History of Wayne County and the City of Detroit, Clarence M. and M. Agnes Burton Editors, The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company, 1930.
[ICHS] = Iron County Michigan Historical Society
[IDG] = Ironwood Daily Globe, Ironwood, MI
[IOHT] = Iron Ore Heritage Train
[IRI] = The Iron river iron-bearing district of Michigan. Allen, R. C. (Rolland Craten), 1881-1948
[IT-mm/yr] = Inside Track Magazine
[JCP] = Jackson Citizen Patriot newspaper, Jackson, MI.
[KB] = Kenneth Borg.
[LDN] = Ludington Daily News, Ludington, MI.
[LIEM] = Lumbering in Early Michigan - the Kneeland-Bigelow Company Experience. Herman Lunden Miller, Walnut Hill Press, © 1995.
[LITF] = Life in the Forest: The History of Montmorency County, Michigan, Carol S. Jacobson. Montmorency Co. Historical Society. © 1981.
[LOC] = Library of Congress, United States Government
[LPM] = Lower Peninsula of Michigan, The. An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites. Directed by Charles K. Hide, PhD. Wayne State University. ©1976.
[LSIA] = Lake Superior Iron Ore Association, 1950.
[LSMI-xxxx] = Lake Superior Mining Institute, Ishpeming, MI, Proceedings, year.
[LSRC] = Information provided by the Lake State Railway.
[MA] = Michigan, State of; Archieves.
[MBGS] = Michigan State Board of Geological Survey.
[MCDTyy] = Michigan Central Detroit Terminal Timetable Year yy]
[MCI-yyyy] = The Michigan Copper Industry in yyyy, Walter E. Hopper.
[MCOAS] = Michigan Central Railroad Co. List of Officers, Agents and Stations, October 15, 1920
[MCR/yy] Michigan Commissioner of Railroads Annual Report, State of Michigan Library. yy=Year of report.
[MCTC] = Motor City Traffic Club
[MDOT] = 150 Years of Michigan's Railroad History, Michigan Department of Transportation
[MDYyy] = Moody's Manual of Investments + year
[MEV] = Monroe Evening News
[MF] = Michael Frezell
[MFM] = Michigan Flywheelers Museum, Kim Ingles
[MH-mm/yyyy] = Michigan History Magazine
[MHM] = Michigan historical marker
[MIHX8] = Information provided at the 8th Michigan Railroad History Conference in St. Ignace, MI.
[MINDAT] = www.mindat.org.
[MLI] = mLive.com
[MMS-yyyy] = Mines and Mineral Statistics, State of Michigan (annual report of the Michigan Commissioner of Mineral Statistics)
[MOD-mm/yy] = Model Railroad Craftsman Magazine
[MPSC-yyyy] = Michigan Public Service Commission Orders.
[MPUC-yyyy] = Michigan Public Utilities Commission Orders.
[MRC-mm/yy] = Michigan Railfan, Michigan Railroad Club
[MRF-mm/yy] = Michigan Railfan, Michigan Railroad Club
[MRP-vol] = Michigan Rail Preservation, by David R. Kovl
[MRRL] = This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
[MRRC] = Michigan Railroads & Railroad Companies, by Graydon "Don" M. Meints. Published by Michigan State University Press. © 1992.
[MSAI] = Michigan State Archieves Interlocker Files.
[MT] = Mark Tomlonson, historian, Kalamazoo MI.
[MTB] = Mike Tabone, South Lyon, MI.
[MusC] = Muskegon Chronical newspaper.
[MW] = Mark Worrall, historian.
[MWD] = Mark W. Dobronski
[NEW] = Newberry News, Newberry, Michigan
[NK] = Studies of Nick Korstange (Railroads of various counties).
[NN] = Nathan Nietering.
[NWL-q/yyyy] = Northwestern Lines Magazine, C&NW Historical Society.
[NYC-mm/yyyy] = The Central Headlight, New York Central System Historical Society, Inc.
[NYC-MC] = Michigan Central District, New York Central Historical Society
[NYT-mm/dd/yyyy] - New York Times
[OCA] = Otsego County Advance, Gaylord, MI
[OG-mmddyyyy] = Official Guide of Railways
[OHT] = Otsego Herald and Times, Gaylord, MI
[OR] = This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
[OT] = Owosso Times, Owosso, Michigan.
[PG] = Priscilla Geyer, Curator of the museum for the Crawford County Historical Society
[PHTH] = Times Herald newspaper, Port Huron, MI
[PMAR-yyyy] = Pere Marquette Railroad Annual Report.
[PMHS] = Pere Marquette Historical Society Web Page
[PMT] = Tracks, a Pere Marquette Historical Society Publiction.
[PM45] = The Pere Marquette in 1945, published by the C&O Historical Society, Inc.
[PPD] = Preserve, Protect and Defend, an Illustrated History of the Michigan State Police in the 20th Century by Phillip Schertzing, Turner Publishing Co. © 2002
[PRRHTS-X/yyyy] = "Keystone" magazine. Pennsylvania Railroad Technical and Historical Society.
[R&LHS-nnnn] = Railway & Locomotive Historical Society nnnn=year or bulletin numbe
[R&R-mm/yyyy] = Railfan and Railroad Magazine.
[RA-mm/dd/yyyy] = Railway Age or Railway Age Gazette
[RG-mm/dd/yyyy] = Railway Gazette
[RCOM] = Information from RailComm, Inc.
[RMK] = Remember When, D&M Historical Society, by Rosemary Klenow, former D&M employee.
[RMLC] = Railroad Maps of the United States. A Selected Annotated Bibliography of Original 19th-century Maps in the Geography and Map Division of the Library of Congress.
[RO] = Robert Oom, Kalamazoo, Michigan
[RS] = Russell Smeltzer, Frankfort, MI
[RSE] = Railway Signal Engineer, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Company, successor to The Signal Engineer.
[RWC] = Robert Cosgrove, Past Trustee, New York Central System Historical Society
[SAM] = S. A. McCall, Historical Dates. Juse when did That Happen?
[SBM-yyyy] - Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps - year.
[SEN] = Soo Evening News newspaper, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.
[SMcD] = Steven J. McDonald, Cadillac, Michigan
[SMA] = State of Michigan Archives, Lansing, Michigan
[SMA-IF] = State of Michigan Archives, Railroad Interlocker Files (Department of Transportation archives)
[SML] = State of Michigan Library, Lansing, Michigan
[SMRS-mm/yy] - Soo, a publication of the Southern Michigan Railroad Society Cross Tracks.
[SOO-Qtr/yy] = The Soo Line Historical and Technical Society.
[SRI] = Steam Railroading Institute, Owosso, Michigan.
[SSDiv-mm/yyyy] = South Shore Division Bulletin of the Soo Line Historical & Technical Society.
[SSJB] = DSSA Web Page, John P. DuLong, Berkley, MI.
[SSP] = Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Track Profile - 1907 as amended
[SSS] = South Shore Shorts,Soo Line Historical Society.
[SSV] = Steve Selvig
[STB] = Surface Transportation Board
[TB] = The Toledo Blade newspaper.
[TDD] = The Diamond Drill (newspaper), Crystal Falls, MI.
[THF] = The Henry Ford (Greenfield Village, Henry Ford Museum and Benson Ford Archives.
[TJG] = T. J. Gaffney, Curator, Port Huron Museum.
[TR-mm/yy] = Trains Magazine.
[TSE] = The Signal Engineer, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Company.
[TTN] = The True Northerner newspaper.
[TTT] = Trains, tracks and travel, by T, W, Van Metre (Haithi Trust)
[UMB] = University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library (Website)
[UPM] = Upper Peninsula of Michigan, The. An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites. Directed by Charles K. Hide, PhD. Wayne State University. © 1978.
[USC] = United States Census.
[WD] = William Dunham collection.
[Wiki] = Wikepedia
[WS] = Wayne Summers, historian from DeWitt
[WSJ] = Wall Street Journal
[YEX] = Yale Expositor, The, Yale, MI