Bibliography

The following sources are utilized in this website:

  • [AAB| = All Aboard!, by Willis Dunbar, Eerdmans Publishing, Grand Rapids ©1969.
  • [AArgus] = Alpena Argus newspaper.
  • [AARQJ] = American Association of Railroads Quiz Jr. pamphlet. © 1956
  • [AATHA] = Ann Arbor Railroad Technical and Historical Association newsletter "The Double A"
  • [AB] = Information provided at Michigan History Conference from Andrew Bailey, Port Huron, MI
  • [AGG] = "Aids, Gifts, Grants and Donations to Railroads,..", Michigan Railroad Commission, 1919
  • [AL] = Alan Loftis, Farmington, Michigan.
  • [AML] = The American Lumberman. Chicago, IL Published weekly
  • [AR] = Alma Record, Alma, Michigan.
  • [ARJ-mm/dd/yyyy] = American Railroad Journal.
  • [AS] = Al Smith, historian.
  • [ATDC] = Along the Tracks in Dickenson County.  William J. Cummings.  Secord Press, © 1993.
  • [BBG] = Bloomberg.com
  • [BCE] = Battle Creek Enquirer, Battle Creek Michigan.
  • [BH] = Ben Higdon, Kalamazoo.
  • [BHN] = Bessemer Herald newspaper, Bessemer, Michigan
  • [BJ] = Bay-Journal.com, Bay County, Michigan. Website.
  • [BOM] = Buildings of Michigan by Kathryn Bishop Eckert.  Published in 1993 by Oxford University Press.
  • [CB] = research by historian Carl Bajema, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
  • [CCE] = Copper Country Explorer website. 
  • [CCH] = Charlevoix County Herald, East Jordan, Michigan.
  • [CCEN] = The Copper Country Evening News, Calumet, Michigan.
  • [CCIH] = Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, An Historical Review...", 1920
  • [CD] =  The Cheboygan Democrat newspaper, Cheboygan, Michigan.
  • [CERA] = Central Electric Railfan's Association Bulletin 103, unless a different bulletin is noted.
  • [CMS-yyyy] = Annual Report of the Commissioner of Mineral Statistics of the State of Michigan.
  • [CN] = Calumet News, Calumet, Michigan
  • [CNWE] = Chicago & North Western evaluation maps, circa. 1917.
  • [COHS-mm/yy] = Chesapeake & Ohio Historical Magazine + issue date.
  • [CRAR] = Copper Range Railroad annual reports.  State of Michigan Library.
  • [CRH] = The Copper Range Railroad by Clarence J. Monett, 1989
  • [CRORG] = www.copperrange.org
  • [CRP1] = "The 14th Line Dummy and Milwaukee Junction", by Charles R. Petcher. Michigan Railfan, February, 1981.
  • [CRWS] = Copper Range Web Site
  • [CW] = Charles Whipp, Lapeer, Michigan
  • [DB] = Dale Berry, editor.
  • [DBOC-mmddyy} = Detroit Board of Commerce publication.
  • [DD] = Diamond Drill (newspaper), Crystal Falls, Michigan
  • [DFP] = Detroit Free Press, Detroit, MI
  • [DK] = David Kindem, Grand Haven, Michigan
  • [DN] = Detroit News, Detroit, MI
  • [DPG] = Dearborn Press and Guide - 9/23/1999
  • [DPH] = Detroit, A Postcard History.  Reference.
  • [DRK] = Henry Ford Museum & GreenfieldVillage Rail Collection, by David R. Kovl, et. al. ©1993.
  • [D18] = Detroit 1860-1899 Images of America.  Reference.
  • [DLC] = Dave LeCount.
  • [DL&N-yyyy] = Detroit, Lansing & Northern Ry. Annual Report to Stockholders.
  • [DMAR-yyyy] = Detroit & Mackinac Ry. Annual Reports, State of Michigan Library files.
  • [DMH] = Dan Meinhard, Port Huron, MI.
  • [DSS] = The Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Ry., Steven Gaertmer. Indiana University Press. ©2009
  • [DT] = The Daily Telegram (Adrian) Newspaper
  • [DTSL-yyyy] = Detroit & Toledo Shore Line Annual Report.
  • [DWS] = Detroit in it's World Setting, edited by David L. Poremba, Wayne State University Press, Detroit. © 2001
  • [EDP-mm/dd/yyyy] = Escanaba Daily Press
  • [EFI] = The Detroit & Toledo Shore Line Railroad Expressway for Industry, by Charles Geletzke Jr. and Wilbur Hague, Kultztown Publishing, © 1912
  • [EHMT] = The Early History of a Mining Town, by Robert D. Dobson, Dobson Publications, Negaunee, MI, © 2005
  • [ELI] = "Edison, His Life and Inventions", by F. L. Dyer and T. C. Martin.
  • [ELSW] = Escanaba & Lake Superior web site history.
  • [EMRn] = When Eastern Michigan Rode the Rails.  n=Book number.  Jack E. Schramm - William H. Henning - Richard R. Andrews. © 1994 Transportation Trails.
  • [F&PM-yyyy] = Flint & Pere Marquette Annual Report to Stockholders
  • [FFTF-IR] = Frames For The Future Iron River Area.  Marcia Bernhardt, Editor, Iron County Historical and Museum Society, Iron River, Michigan. © 1980
  • [FLS] = Fires in Lake Superior Iron Mines, by Edwin Higgins. Higgins, Edwin.
  • [FL] = The Fishing Line, by Graydon M. Meints, Michigan State University Press, ©2018
  • [FP] = Frank Prassic, Albion area historian.
  • [FPMTT] = Flint & Pere Marquette employee timetable.
  • [JH] = Jim Harlow, former Penn Central/Conrail employee
  • [GB] = Greg Bunce, E&LS Employee
  • [GDJ] = George "Sandy" Duffy, Jr., President PH&S Historical Society.
  • [GG] = Glenn Gould.
  • [GLC] = Information provided by the Great Lakes Central Railroad.
  • [GLF] = Gary L. Franks, PE.  Perrysburg, Ohio bridge historian.
  • [GM] = Graydon M. Meints, historian.
  • [GRDE] = Grand Rapids Daily Eagle newspaper, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
  • [GREP] = Grand Rapids Evening Press.
  • [GSM] = Geological Survey of Michigan, Alfred C.Lane, State Geologist. 1900-1903. Robert Smith Printing. Available on line.
  • [GTCR] = GTC Reporter, Grand Trunk railroad newsletter.
  • [GTM] = "Ghost Towns of Michigan", Wakefield, Larry. Thunder Bay Press.
  • [GTM2] = "Ghost Towns of Michigan, Volume II", Wakefield, Larry. Thunder Bay Press. © 1995
  • [GTWHS-mm/yy] = "The Semaphore", Grand Trunk Western Historical Society.
  • [GW] = Wakeman, George L., "My Story of the Detroit & Mackinac Railroad".  Library of Michigan, Lansing, 1940.
  • [HAM] = Historic Arcadia, Michigan website
  • [HB-mm/yyyy] - Hotbox, publication of the North Central Region, National Model Railroad Association
  • [HCKS] = A History of the Chicago, Kalamazoo & Saginaw Railroad, by Florence Sergeant Lang, © 1970. Barry County Historical Society.
  • [HCN] = A History of the Cincinnati Northern Railroad, Jim Brown, Little Falls Press, Cataract, Wisconsin. © 2003.
  • [HCSC] = Houghton County's Streetcars and Electric Park, Clarence J. Monette,Greenlee Printing Company, © 2001.
  • [HGJ] = A Historical Geography of Jackson, Michigan: A Study on the Changing Character of An American City 1829-1969, Richard A. Santer.  1972.
  • [HH/MIHX8] = Hugh Hornstein, 8th Michigan Railroad History Conference, St. Ignace, MI.
  • [HMRB] = History of the Maumee River Basin by Charles Slocum.  Published in 1905.
  • [HI] = High Iron Along the Huron Shore.
  • [HIM] = It Happended in Michigan, by Colleen Burcar c2019, , The Rowand and Littlefield Publishing Group, Lanham, Maryland.
  • [HP] = The Herald Press, Saint Joseph, MIchigan.
  • [HSE] = Huron Shore Express.  D&M Railway Historical Society.
  • [HWC] = History of Wayne County and the City of Detroit, Clarence M. and M. Agnes Burton Editors, The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company, 1930.
  • [I&L] = The Forgotten Path of the Ionia & Lansing Railroad Company, Merritt B. Scharnweber. © 1997.
  • [ICHS] = Iron County Michigan Historical Society
  • [IDG] = Ironwood Daily Globe, Ironwood, MI
  • [IOHT] = Iron Ore Heritage Train
  • [IRI] = The Iron river iron-bearing district of Michigan. Allen, R. C. (Rolland Craten), 1881-1948
  • [IT-mm/yr] = Inside Track Magazine
  • [JCP] = Jackson Citizen Patriot newspaper, Jackson, MI.
  • [KB] = Kenneth Borg.
  • [LAS] = L'Anse Sentinel newspaper, L'Anse, Michigan.
  • [LDN] = Ludington Daily News, Ludington, MI.
  • [L&H] = The Lowell & Hastings Railroad Company.  Merritt B. Scharnweber, © 1995.
  • [LIEM] = Lumbering in Early Michigan - the Kneeland-Bigelow Company Experience. Herman Lunden Miller, Walnut Hill Press, © 1995.
  • [LITF] = Life in the Forest: The History of Montmorency County, Michigan, Carol S. Jacobson. Montmorency Co. Historical Society. © 1981.
  • [LLE] = Lewiston In The Logging Era, by Herman Lunden Miller, ©2003.
  • [LOC] = Library of Congress, United States Government
  • [LPM] = Lower Peninsula of Michigan, The. An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites. Directed by Charles K. Hide, PhD. Wayne State University. ©1976.
  • [LS] = "The Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway". David McLellan and Bill Warrick, Transportation Trails, © 1989
  • [LSIA] = Lake Superior Iron Ore Association, 1950.
  • [LSI1] = "Lake Superior & Ishpeming Railroad In Color Volume 1". David C. Schauer. Morning Sun Books, Inc. © 2015.
  • [LSI2] = "Lake Superior & Ishpeming Railroad In Color Volume 2". David C. Schauer. Morning Sun Books, Inc. © 2015.
  • [LSIOR] = "The Lake Superior Iron Ore Railroads".  Patrick C. Dorin.  Suerior Publishing Company, Seattle, WA. © 1969.
  • [LSMI-xxxx] = Lake Superior Mining Institute, Ishpeming, MI, Proceedings, year.
  • [LSRC] = Information provided by the Lake State Railway.
  • [MA] = Michigan, State of;  Archieves.
  • [MBGS] = Michigan State Board of Geological Survey.
  • [MCDTyy] = Michigan Central Detroit Terminal Timetable Year yy]
  • [MCI-yyyy] = The Michigan Copper Industry in yyyy, Walter E. Hopper.
  • [MCOAS] = Michigan Central Railroad Co. List of Officers, Agents and Stations, October 15, 1920
  • [MCR/yy]  Michigan Commissioner of Railroads Annual Report, State of Michigan Library.  yy=Year of report.
  • [MCTC] = Motor City Traffic Club
  • [MDOT] = 150 Years of Michigan's Railroad History, Michigan Department of Transportation
  • [MDYyy] = Moody's Manual of Investments + year
  • [MEV] = Monroe Evening News
  • [MF] = Michael Frezell
  • [MFM] = Michigan Flywheelers Museum, Kim Ingles
  • [MH-mm/yyyy] = Michigan History Magazine
  • [MHM] = Michigan historical marker
  • [MIHX8] = Information provided at the 8th Michigan Railroad History Conference in St. Ignace, MI.
  • [MINDAT] = www.mindat.org.
  • [MLI] = mLive.com
  • [MMS-yyyy] = Mines and Mineral Statistics, State of Michigan (annual report of the Michigan Commissioner of Mineral Statistics)
  • [MOD-mm/yy] = Model Railroad Craftsman Magazine
  • [MOL] = Michigan Ore Lines, The.  Eric Hirsimaki, Paulhamus Litho, Inc., Montoursville PA. © 2002
  • [MPN] = Michigan Place Names, Walter Romig, Wayne State university press, Detroit. © 1986.
  • [MPSC-yyyy] = Michigan Public Service Commission Orders.
  • [MPUC-yyyy] = Michigan Public Utilities Commission Orders.
  • [MRC-mm/yy] = Michigan Railfan, Michigan Railroad Club 
  • [MRF-mm/yy] = Michigan Railfan, Michigan Railroad Club
  • [MRL] = Michigan Railroad Lines,by Graydon Meints.  Published by Michigan State University Press, © 2005.
  • [MRP-vol] = Michigan Rail Preservation, by David R. Kovl
  • [MRRL] = This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
  • [MRRC] = Michigan Railroads & Railroad Companies, by Graydon "Don" M. Meints.  Published by Michigan State University Press. © 1992.
  • [MSAI] = Michigan State Archieves Interlocker Files.
  • [MSL] = A Most Superior Land, Michigan Natural Resources Magazine, © 1983.
  • [MT] = Mark Tomlonson, historian, Kalamazoo MI.
  • [MTB] = Mike Tabone, South Lyon, MI.
  • [MusC] = Muskegon Chronical newspaper.
  • [MW] = Mark Worrall, historian.
  • [MWD] = Mark W. Dobronski
  • [NEW] = Newberry News, Newberry, Michigan
  • [NK] = Studies of Nick Korstange (Railroads of various counties).
  • [NN] = Nathan Nietering.
  • [NWL-q/yyyy] = Northwestern Lines Magazine, C&NW Historical Society.
  • [NYCF] = New York Central Facilities by Geoffrey H. Doughty.  Published by Morningside Books, © 2002.
  • [NYC-mm/yyyy] = The Central Headlight, New York Central System Historical Society, Inc.
  • [NYC-MC] = Michigan Central District, New York Central Historical Society
  • [NYT-mm/dd/yyyy] - New York Times
  • [OCA] = Otsego County Advance, Gaylord, MI
  • [OG-mmddyyyy] = Official Guide of Railways
  • [OHT] = Otsego Herald and Times, Gaylord, MI
  • [OR] = This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
  • [OT] = Owosso Times, Owosso, Michigan.
  • [PG] = Priscilla Geyer, Curator of the museum for the Crawford County Historical Society
  • [PHDH] = Daily Herald newspaperr, Port Huron, MI
  • [PHTH] = Times Herald newspaper, Port Huron, MI
  • [PMAR-yyyy] = Pere Marquette Railroad Annual Report.
  • [PMHS] = Pere Marquette Historical Society Web Page
  • [PMT] = Tracks, a Pere Marquette Historical Society Publiction.
  • [PM45] = The Pere Marquette in 1945, published by the C&O Historical Society, Inc.
  • [PPD] = Preserve, Protect and Defend, an Illustrated History of the Michigan State Police in the 20th Century by Phillip Schertzing, Turner Publishing Co. © 2002
  • [PRRHTS-X/yyyy] = "Keystone" magazine. Pennsylvania Railroad Technical and Historical Society.
  • [R&LHS-nnnn] = Railway & Locomotive Historical Society nnnn=year or bulletin numbe
  • [R&R-mm/yyyy] = Railfan and Railroad Magazine.
  • [RA-mm/dd/yyyy] = Railway Age or Railway Age Gazette
  • [RG-mm/dd/yyyy] = Railway Gazette
  • [RCOM] = Information from RailComm, Inc.
  • [RMK] = Remember When, D&M Historical Society, by Rosemary Klenow, former D&M employee.
  • [RMLC] = Railroad Maps of the United States. A Selected Annotated Bibliography of Original 19th-century Maps in the Geography and Map Division of the Library of Congress.
  • [RO] = Robert Oom, Kalamazoo, Michigan
  • [RS] = Russell Smeltzer, Frankfort, MI
  • [RSE] = Railway Signal Engineer, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Company, successor to The Signal Engineer.
  • [RWC] = Robert Cosgrove, Past Trustee, New York Central System Historical Society
  • [SAM] = S. A. McCall, Historical Dates. Juse when did That Happen?
  • [SBM-yyyy] - Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps - year.
  • [SEN] = Soo Evening News newspaper, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.
  • [SMcD] = Steven J. McDonald, Cadillac, Michigan
  • [SMA] = State of Michigan Archives, Lansing, Michigan
  • [SMA-IF] = State of Michigan Archives, Railroad Interlocker Files (Department of Transportation archives)
  • [SML] = State of Michigan Library, Lansing, Michigan
  • [SMRS-mm/yy] - Soo, a publication of the Southern Michigan Railroad Society Cross Tracks.
  • [SOO-Qtr/yy] = The Soo Line Historical and Technical Society.
  • [SRI] = Steam Railroading Institute, Owosso, Michigan.
  • [SSDiv-mm/yyyy] = South Shore Division Bulletin of the Soo Line Historical & Technical Society.
  • [SSJB] = DSSA Web Page, John P. DuLong, Berkley, MI.
  • [SSP] = Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Track Profile - 1907 as amended
  • [SSS] = South Shore Shorts,Soo Line Historical Society.
  • [SSV] = Steve Selvig
  • [STB] = Surface Transportation Board
  • [STOV] = The Routledge Historical Atlas of the American Railroads.  John F. Stover. © 1999.
  • [TB] = The Toledo Blade newspaper.
  • [TDD] = The Diamond Drill (newspaper), Crystal Falls, MI.
  • [THF] = The Henry Ford (Greenfield Village, Henry Ford Museum and Benson Ford Archives.
  • [TJG] = T. J. Gaffney, Curator, Port Huron  Museum.
  • [TR-mm/yy] = Trains Magazine.
  • [TSE] = The Signal Engineer, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Company.
  • [TT] = Trackside Toledo 1946-1976 Emery Gulash, by Jerry A. Pinkepank, Morning Sun Books, Inc., © 2012
  • [TTN] = The True Northerner newspaper.
  • [TTT] = Trains, tracks and travel, by T, W, Van Metre (Haithi Trust)
  • [UMB] = University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library (Website)
  • [UPM] = Upper Peninsula of Michigan, The. An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites. Directed by Charles K. Hide, PhD. Wayne State University. © 1978.
  • [USC] = United States Census.
  • [VOI] = Vein of Iron, The Pickands Mather Story, World Publishing Co. New York, © 1958
  • [WD] = William Dunham collection.
  • [WFD] = Railroading the Wabash Fourth District by Victor A. Baird. Erstwhile Publications. © 2013.
  • [Wiki] = Wikepedia
  • [WS] = Wayne Summers, historian from DeWitt
  • [WSJ] = Wall Street Journal
  • [YEX] = Yale Expositor, The, Yale, MI